The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation. Electronic communication network List of stock exchanges Trading hours Multilateral trading facility Over-the-counter. Related Articles. Principal Amount may vary depending on the type of yield being calculated, or the investment being considered. Alpha Arbitrage pricing theory Beta Bid—ask spread Book value Capital asset pricing model Capital market line Dividend discount model Dividend yield Earnings per share Earnings yield Net asset value Security characteristic line Security market line T-model. Your Money. The bond or note’s face value is adjusted upwards with the CPI-U, and a real yield is applied to the adjusted principal to let the investor always outperform the inflation rate and protect purchasing power.